Xbox Live ID numbers let you choose a Gamertag that's already taken
The new system catches up to others like Discord or Battle.net.
As Microsoft makes Xbox Live an entertainment service that spreads across more platforms (including Switch, Android and iOS), it's also relaxing the naming scheme. Since it's been in operation since 2002, many commonly-requested aliases are already taken, but now users can grab pretty much any name they want, even if someone else already has it.
Now, it will still let you create a new user name even if someone else has it, but it will auto-assign an ID number after it to make yours unique. Other services like Steam and Discord already use a similar setup, and it should mean an end to purging old, abandoned usernames or forcing them to expire so that new users can get a crack at them. Of course, if you've been around for a while, everyone will know you are the original CheeToMan247 given your lack of an add-on ID number.
One other thing that should increase variation is support for 10 new worldwide alphabets:
Basic Latin
Latin-1 Supplement
Hangul
Katakana
Hiragana
CJK Symbols for languages in China, Japan, and Korea
Bengali
Devanagari
Cyrillic
Thai
The new changes are live now, which coincidentally occurs just ahead of the Nintendo Direct event for E3. That's scheduled for noon ET on Tuesday and Microsoft itself mentioned it as a part of the Xbox E3 schedule.
New changes coming to gamertags, including the ability to add symbols! #InsideXboxE3https://t.co/GZnRDMK0jj pic.twitter.com/x7aqwv3pnw
— Xbox ➡️ E3 (@Xbox) June 10, 2019
Here's where you need to be for #XboxE3. pic.twitter.com/1z0PYXpQ4x
— Xbox ➡️ E3 (@Xbox) June 9, 2019